Collection Summary

Creator:
Title: The Paul von Bergen Collection
Accession: MSS 2016-05
Description: 2 boxes, 1 carton (2 linear ft.)
Location: SC - Basement
Photograph Collection: View 0 digitized photographs
Digitized Content: 0 objects
Use Restrictions: There are no restrictions.

Collection Description & Arrangement

This collection contains approximately 2,000 pages of typed notes and preparatory materials that Paul K. von Bergen compiled as chief prosecutor for several cases at the Yokohama War Crimes Trials (1946-1949). Concurrent to the larger International Military Tribunal for the Far East in Tokyo, the Yokohama Trials operated under U.S., rather than international, authority and focused on lower-level military personnel and civilians accused of Class "B" and "C" war crimes (conventional war crimes and crimes against humanity).

The documents in this collection represent von Bergen’s research as chief prosecutor for U.S. v. Kajuro Aihara et al., U.S. v. Kiyoharu Tomomori et al., and a few other cases related to the mistreatment of American Prisoners of War in the Japanese city of Fukuoka. The cases revolved around the extra-judicial execution of POWs at Japan's Western Army Headquarters and medical experiments conducted at the nearby Kyushu Imperial University. Owing to the size of these cases (Aihara et al. had 30 defendants, Tomomori et al. 25), and the nature of the crimes, they received considerable attention from the U.S. press at the time.

The papers were transferred from eight original binders (labelled A-G, I, J-Ko, Ku-Miz, Mo-Nu, O-Sa, Se-Tan, U-Z) to 22 folders preserving the original alphabetical organization. The documents consist of von Bergen's research and notes, including: full and excerpted segments of accused and witness statements, short biographies of the accused, petitions to the SCAP Legal Section for the apprehension of suspected war criminals, diagrams, sketches, and captioned photographs of the locations of the incidents, and other notes. Pages are typewritten with occasional handwritten marginalia and corrections.

Biographical & Historical Information

Paul K. von Bergen was born in Niles, Ohio in 1915. After receiving his A.B. at the University of Michigan in 1937 he went on to earn an LL.B. at the University of Virginia in 1940. Upon graduation he moved to Michigan, where he entered general practice and served in state and federal courts before joining the army in 1943. After initially working on court-martial cases he began prosecuting Japanese war criminals as a U.S. military lawyer from October 1945 until his discharge in July 1946. He continued working for the military as a civilian lawyer, serving as chief prosecutor for the above-mentioned cases at the Yokohama War Crimes Trials. He remained in the government's employ until July 1949, when he returned to the U.S. and resumed general practice in Michigan. He passed away in 1990.

Acquisition Information

Date Received 2016
Donor Information The collection was donated to the UVA Law Library by von Bergen's sons Paul and Mark A. von Bergen in 2016.

Content List

Preliminary guide. List of names that appear in the documents.

Binder  A- G (2 folders)
f.1:
Abiru, CPL
Aiga, Yuichi (Kiu)
Aihara, Kajuro
Aijima, Toru
An Air Corps Major
Akaiwa
Akamine, Teruo 
Akita, Hiroshi, Col.
Amakazu, Masahiko
Anan
Ano, Tadaki
Arakawa, Bunricku or Bunroku
C/S Central Army Headquarters
Araki, Kazuhiko
Aramaki, Kiyoto
Asamizu
Aspinall, Robert J.
Baba, Hideaki
Bajari, Itaru
Chin
Chinisi, Probationary Officer [See Onishi]
Doss, Darrell
Egashira, Tsuneaki
Egawa [Major]
Eguchi, Yoshiari
Enatsu, Tokuji
Enoki
 
f. 2
Statements of Fredericks, William R.
Fuji, Kiichi
Fujii, Mareo
Fujisaki, Shigetsugu
Fukuda, Tokushi
Fukue
Fukushima (Probationary Officer)
Fukushima, Kyusaku 
Gata, Zenzo
Goiyama, Shiniu
Goshino, Shiro
Goshima, Shiro
Goto, Shichiro
Guchi, Shimizu
 
Binder I (2 folders)
f. 1
Ibe, Saburo
Ibuka
I”C”Hiyama See: Ishiyama
Ichiyoshi, Chikao
Idezuki, Saburo
Idezono (Itezono)
Igarashi, Mikie
Ijima, Yoshio
Ikeda, Kenyoshi
Ikeda, Michio
Ikeda, Kami
Ikeda, Kaneyoshi
Imai
Imamura, Hajime
Imanaga
Imoto, Kumao
Inada, Masazumi
Inada – Hollandia Case
Inada, Seisuke
Inenaga
Inokuchi, Kiyoshi
Inouye, Kenji
Inouye, Gonji
Inoue, Mitsushige
Inumaro, Fumio
Isa, Kazuo
Ishii, Izumi, Major
Ishiodori (Probationary Officer)
Ishimura, Sachiko
f. 2
Ishisawa, Masao
Ishiyama, Fukijiro
Itezono, Tatsuo, Major (some documents say Itezama)
Ito, Soshin
Ito (Doctor)
Ito, Akira
Iwasaki
Iwasaki (Probationary Officer)
Iwasaki (tei)
Iwata
 
Binder J – Ko (2 folders)
f. 1
Jikuya, Tetsuo (See Zusiya, Tatsuo)
Jin, Iichiro 
Jin, Inosuke
Jinnaka, Seichi (Soichi)
Jogo
Junaka, S. 
Kagoshima
Kaji
Kakitani
Kako
Kaku
Kaku, Takanobu
Kamada, Masafusa
Kambayashi, Hiroshi
Kameyama (FNU) (Major)
Kamura, Hiroshi
Kanbayashi, Hiroshi (See: Kambayashi)
Kanehisa, Takuya 
Karu
Katayama, Chikae (nee Sakai)
Kato
Katsuya
Kawaguchi, Takethoshi
Kawai, Kenichiro
Kawakami 
Kawano
Kearns, Chas. M.
Kido, Kaneo
Kihara, Yukio
Kikkawa, Masaharu
Kimura
Kishi, Tatsuro
Kishimoto, Iwao, Captain
Kita
Kitagami
Kitagata
Kitano, Hyozo
Kito
Kiyohara, Igumi
f. 2
Kobayakawa, Kunio
Kobayashi
Kodama
Koga
Koga, Tsune or Tsuno
Koguwa [?], Nobuyeshi
Koide, Saharo [?]
Koiso
Kombayashi, Hiroshi (See: Kambayashi or Kanbayashi)
Komeya
Komia
Komori, Taku
Kondo, Tokuta
Koyama
Kozuki, Yoshio
 
Binder Ku – Miz (2 folders)
f. 1
Kubo, Toshikuni
Kubo
Kubo, Tsuneki
Kubo, Tsuneyuki
Kubo, Toshiyuki
Kubota, Ichiro
Kuboyama, Hideto
Kugiyama
Kumagai, Taizo
Kuraughi
Kuroda
Kuroki, Osamu
Kusumoto, Ryunosuke, Major (Sugano) 1946-08-30
Kusumoto, Tominosuke (Major) (Sugano) 1947-08-30
Kusunoki
Lin
Lin, Chusen
Machida, Keiji
Maebara (Kiu)
Maeda, Ichiro 
Maehara (Kiu)
Maekawa, Tozo (Kiu)
Magda, Tomoichi
Magiri (See: “Bajiri”)
Majiru, Itaru (See: “Bajiri”)
Makino, Roijiro (Kiu)
Makino, Reiichiro (Sugano 1947-09-02)
f.2
Mameda
Manabe, Sumako (Kiu)
Managi, Sgt.
Manako, Hyota
Masao (1), Tando (Kiu)
Masuzaki, (PO)
Masazaki, Nobyshige 
Matake, Shichiro (Kiu)
Mataki
Matsuda (kiu)
Matsuki, Suekatsu
Matsumoto (Kiu)
Matsunaga (Kiu)
Matsunaga, Tsutamu  [same person]
Matsuoka (Kiu)
Matsushita (Kiu)
Mazaki, Probationary Officer
“Measures Concerning Plane Crash Survivors” Statement of Ito 1947-01-06
Mikasa, Prince
Mikisa [o Mikinsa]
Miki, Akiye (Kiu)
Mimard, 2nd Lieutenant
Minami (Professor (Kiu)
Minami, Haruo
Minister of Education (Kiu)
Ministry of Education
Misao, Tando
Mitoma (Kiu)
Miyagawa, Yoneji
Miyagoshi, Tokuhei (Miyakoshi) (Kiu)
Miyamora, Probationary Officer
Miyamoto, Probationary Officer
Miyamoto, Genso (Kiu)
Miyazaki, Goro
Mizushima, Kenjo
 
Binder Mo – Nu  (2 folders)
f.1
Momoda, Hirsohi (Kiu)
Momota
Mori, Yoshio (Kiu)
Morimoto, Kenji
Morinaga (Capt)
Morita (Kiu)
Morita, Toshimaro
Morotani (Kiu)
Morotoni, Takefumi (Kiu)
Motomura, Yasuo
Mukai (Kiu)
Mukaigaki, Yoshiro
Munehiro, Junkichi
Murakami (Kiu)
Murase (Lt. Col.)
Murata, Sadayoshi
Muto, CPL.
Memo re: Karate Expert 
f. 2
Nakae, Chizuko (Kiu)
Nakajima, Fujio
Nakajima, Probationary Officer
Nakajima (See: Nakashina) (Kiu)
Nakajima, Ryotei (Yoshida ?)
Nakamura, Aiko (Kiu) [also Nakamura Woman Dentist]
Nakamura, Minoru (2d Lt)
Nakamura (Sgt.)
Nakamura, Hisashi (Kiu)
Nakamura (Kiu) [Women Dentist?]
Nakamura, Yoshioki
Nakao, Jukiro
Nakaoka
Nakashima, PO – See Nakajima
Nakashima, Ryote (Kiu 
Nakashima, Yoshisada (Kiu)
Nakatani
Nakayama, Hiroji
Nara
Narasaki, Masahiko
Narazaki, Probationary Officer
Narazaki, Masahiko
Negoro
New Kyushu Newspaper, 23 June 1946 (Kiu)
Niizuma (Kiu)
Nishida, Kozo
Nishihara, Kanji (Sugano)
Nishimi
Nishimura, Masaya (Kiu)
Nishioka, Yoshimi (Kiu)
Noda, Hideiko (Sugano 22 May 47)
Noda, Toshio
Nogami, Tazuo
Nogawa, Nobuyoshi
Nomiyama, Michimaro
Nomiyama, Mitsumaro (kiu)
Nonaka
Noshun (See Nelson)
Nuyram, Fnu
 
Binder O – Sa (2 folders)
f.1
Oba, Kyoko
Oda, Tayuru (Kiu)
Odashima, Todashi
Ogata (Kiu)
Ogawa, Fujiko (Shiokawa) (Kiu) Sugano 2 Sep 1947
Ogawa, Yasu (Kiu)
Oguma (Kiu)
Oguri, Nobuo 
Ohashi, Yoshio (Major)
Ohnishi (See Onishi) (Sugamo)
Ohnishi, Probationary Officer (See “Onishi”)
Ohnishi, Sergeant Major
Ohnishi
Ohno, Minehiro (See: Ono, Minehiro)
Ohno, Yukizo (Kiu)
Ohno (Dean)
Ohtsubo (kiu)
Ohtuki, Takashi Sugano 24 Apr 47
Oka, Sgt.
Okada, Kunio
Okada, Tadami
Okazaki, Seizaburo
Oki, Gunzaburo (Ginzaburo)
Okuda, Yuzuro
Okumura, Tamotsu
Onishi, Tamatsu (Tamotso)
Ono, 1st Lieutenant
Ono, Minehiro (See: Ohno, Minehiro)
Ono, Teruo
Ono (kiu)
Ono, Shozo (Kiu)
Ooba, Kyoko (Kiu)
Ota
Otuso, 1st Lieutenant
Otuso Norifumi
Otsuka, Probationary Officer
Otsuka, Fumio (Kiu)
Otsuki, Takashi 
Otsuki, Takahashi 
Oya, Kakuzo 
Oyama, Ayao
Plambeck, Dale E. (Lt.)
Ponczka, Teddy J.
Reiko (Kiu)
Rin (kiu)
Ryu, Miki (Kiu)
f. 2
Sada, Masato (Kiu)
Sada
Saito, Heigo
Sakae
Sakai, Yosuo (Kiu)
Sakamoto
Sakaro, Koide (kiu)
Sakaro, Ichiro (Capt)
Sano
Sanui, Sgt. Maj.
Sasaki, Yukio (Kiu)
Satano, Osano
Satano, Probationary Officer
Satano, Osamu
Sato
Sato, Koshin (Mrs.) (kiu)
Sato, Yoshinao
 
Binder Se – Tan (2 folders)
f. 1
Senba, Yoshitaka (Kiu)
Senba, Yoshitery (Cousin to The Senba) 
Sha
“Shibata” (Kiu
Shibayama
Shibayama, Kaneshiro
Shigematsu (20 Nov 47)
Shigetomi, Shigeki
Shimada, Shizuko (See: Suyama, Shizuko)
Shimasaka (Lt.)
Shimasaki, Matsuzo
Shimizu (Kiu)
Shimokawa, Mitsuo (kiu)
Shimomitsu, Probationary Officer
Shimomitsu, Gunji (OC)
Shimomura, Sadamu
Shinno, Junjiro (Kiu) Sugano 2 Sep 47
Shinohara (Kiu)
Shinozaki, Hayao
Shinozuka (Col.)
Shiokawa, Fujiko (Kiu) (Confined Sugano)
Shiotsu, Yoshio (Kiu)
Shiozu (Kiu)
Shirotani (Kiu)
Shitamitsu, Gunji
Shizozuka
Shnetsugu, Hajima, 2nd Lieutenant (See: Suetsugu)
Smith, Samuel Shepherd, 1st Lt.
Soda, Probationary Officer
Soma, Probationary Officer 
Sono
Sota, Ryuzo (could be Soda, Ryozo) (could be Hayada)
Stearns
Student Representative (Kiu)
Suetsugo
Sugino (Suginoo)m Mitsuo
Sugiyama (Kiu)
Sumio (Kiu)
Suyama, Shizuko (Shimada) (Kiu)
f. 2
Suzuki, Kiichiro
Suzuki
Suzuki, Shigeyoshi 
Takada
Takada (Col)
Takagi, Mozo (Kiu)
Takahashi, Manzo
Takahashi, Mamoru (Kiu)
Takahashi (FNU)
Takata
Takata (See; Takada)
Takata, Haruge
Takata, Shunzo (Kiu) (See: Takada)
Takayama, Nurse (Kiu)
Takayama, Shizue (Kiu)
Takechi, Reiko (kiu)
Takeshige, Yukio (Kiu)
Takeshige, Yoshio (kiu)
Takeuchi (kiu)
Takeya, Shiko (kiu)
Takuhei (Kiu)
Tamura, Hidetsugu 
Tamura, Hiroshi
Tanabe
Tanaka, 2nd Lieutenant
Tanaka, H. (Kiu)
Tanaka, Ikuo
Tanaka, Katsumi (House Arrest) (Kiu)
Tanaka (Kiu)
Tanaka (FNU) (Kiu)
Tanaka, Susumo
Tanaka (servant) (Kiu)
Tanamachi, Toyoki (420, 9 June 1947 (Kiu)
Tashima
Tei (Iwasaki (kiu)
 
Binder U – Z (2 folders)
f. 1
Uchino, Sergeant
Ueda, Masatoshi
Uemura, Shogo, Sergeant Major
Umayahara, Shigeru (kiu)
Uno (Kiu)
Urago (kiu)
Uriyu, Denkichi (kiu)
Ushijima, Nagaki
Utsunomita, 1st Lt.
Wakamatsu, Tadakazu, Lt. Gen.
Wakamatsu, Tadaichi (Lt. Gen.)
Wako, Yusei, Captain
Wasano (kiu)
Wasano, Takeo
Watkins, Marvin S. 
Williams, Robert B.
Yakumaro, Katsoya 20 July 46
Yamagata, Chikao (kiu)
Yamami (Kiu)
Yamamoto (Lt. Col)
Yamamoto, Kenichi 
Yamamoto, Probationary Officer 
Yamamoto, Fukuichi
Yamanaka, Fumitoshi
f. 2
Yamasaki, Keijiro (kiu)
Yamashita
Yamauye, Hitoshi
Yanagawa (kiu)
Yanagi, Probationary Officer
Yano (Kiu)
Yoshida, Kanji
Yoshida, Masashi
Yoshizumi, Masao
Yasanuga, Mrs. (kiu)
Yata, Zenzo (Kiu)
Yayama (Kiu)
Yayama, Fumiko
Yayami, Kikutaro (Kiu)
Yokoyama, Isamu (Kiu)
Yoshida, Kanji
Yoshikawa (See: Kikkawa)
Yoshimura, Minoru (kiu)
Yoshinaka
Yoshinaka, Lt. Gen.
Yoshiue
Yoshizumi
Yoshizumi, Masao
Yukino, Koshi
Zaitsu, Masayoshi
Zikuya
Zushi, 2nd 
Zuchi, FNU
 

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Unless otherwise stated, digital materials in our collections are available for use under a Creative Commons BY 4.0 License (CC-BY-4.0). For Use and Citation guidelines, see Special Collections Use Policy.